![]() At a basic level, Act (sometimes referred to as 'direct') Utilitarianism can be defined as the moral theory which advocates that 'an act is right insofar as its consequences for the general happiness are at least as good as any alternative available to the agent.' For the Act Utilitarian, as Crisp more concisely states, 'the right action is that which maximizes happiness.' For the Rule (or indirect) Utilitarian, the rightness or wrongness of an act is determined not necessarily by whether it promotes the greatest happiness but whether it complies with certain rules which, if everyone were to follow them, would result in the greatest amount of happiness 'An act is right insofar as it conforms to a rule whose acceptance value for the general happiness is at least as great as any alternative rule available to the agent.'
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